Assam, India – Makon Kumar, a potter from the Kumar community, skillfully shapes clay with artistry honed through generations. At 60, Makon’s deeply wrinkled fingers, marked by years of crafting, maneuver a pottery wheel, her foot expertly spinning a palm-sized bowl. The wet clay, freshly acquired, becomes the foundation for her creations.
The Kumar community, consisting of approximately 540 members, has maintained a remarkable tradition of pottery since the 16th century. Women in this community have perfected the art of pottery without modern machinery, utilizing only their feet to spin the clay into functional and beautiful bowls and pots.
Nestled in Majuli, an island located between the Subansiri and Brahmaputra rivers in Assam, the Kumar community is not just a cultural anomaly; it is an essential part of the region’s identity. Historically, Majuli was once a vibrant expanse of 1,300 square kilometers, although it has diminished over time due to natural erosion exacerbated by seasonal monsoons.
The monsoon season brings frequent floods, with waters often rising up to 1.5 meters. During such events, residents, including Makon and her family, are forced to navigate precarious living conditions, either seeking refuge on higher ground or remaining sheltered within their homes. As stated by the Assam State Disaster Management Authority, over 72,000 individuals recently sought refuge in 355 relief camps scattered across the state due to flooding, which has tragically claimed lives.
The flooding disrupts the Kumars’ pottery operations, severely impacting their primary source of income. Unfortunately, restrictions imposed by the state-run Brahmaputra Board, which manages flood response and erosion control, limit their access to traditional clay sources. Previously, the Kumars extracted clay from the riverbank, but these activities have been curtailed to prevent further erosion.
Though these changes have presented challenges, vibrant cultural expressions continue to thrive within the community. November marks a peak tourist season as local artistry draws visitors from near and far. Tourists come to witness the Kumar women’s craft firsthand in Salmora village, providing much-needed financial support to families, allowing children like Makon’s daughters to pursue their education.
Additionally, the rich cultural tapestry of Majuli is further illustrated through performances of Bhaona, a traditional theatrical art form. This centuries-old performance captures the essence of Assamese heritage, showcasing local talent in an engaging format that adds to the cultural allure of the island. The local Namghars, or prayer houses, serve as venues for these performances, further intertwining spirituality and art.
Despite the myriad of challenges posed by environmental changes, the resilient spirit of the Kumar community shines through. The art of pottery remains a cornerstone of their identity, one that they strive to preserve against adversity. As they navigate financial hurdles and environmental uncertainties, their dedication to maintaining their cultural heritage remains steadfast.
This narrative exemplifies the broader struggle of communities in flood-prone regions, where tradition and modernity converge amidst the ongoing challenges posed by climate change. The beauty of global cultures, such as that represented by the Kumar pottery artisans, fosters a connection that transcends borders, reminding us of the importance of cultural integrity in the face of adversity.
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